Mou Zongsan 牟宗三 (1909-1995) is one of the most important thinkers in rehabilitating the value of Confucianism in modern China. It is well known that his interpretation of traditional Chinese philosophy owes a great deal to Kant. Particularly Mou's assessment of Mencian philosophy as one of the most significant philosophical achievements in the history of Chinese philosophy largely hinges on his understanding of Kant as the paradigmatic example of modern Western philosophy. In other words, Mou's understanding of Mencius is closely linked to his comprehension of Kant.

Given Mou's influence on the modern interpretation of traditional Chinese philosophy in Chinese speaking world as well as in Korea and Japan, the exploration of Mou's understanding of Kant and its relation to his evaluation of Mencian philosophy would shed some light on a modern Chinese understanding of Kant and the formation of current scholarship of classical Chinese philosophy as well.